Why heatwaves kill more mentally ill people? In a groundbreaking study conducted in the aftermath of the record-breaking June 2021 heatwave in British Columbia, researchers discovered a disturbing correlation between extreme temperatures and the mortality rates of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia.
According to the findings, a staggering 8% of those who succumbed to the heatwave had a prior diagnosis of schizophrenia, surpassing the risk posed by other illnesses such as renal and coronary diseases.
The implications of this research extend beyond the immediate consequences of a singular heatwave, as experts warn that unless climate change is effectively addressed, the situation is poised to deteriorate further. Dr. Robert Feder, a retired psychiatrist representing the American Psychiatric Association, emphasized that rising temperatures, coupled with an increase in storms and wildfires, contribute to heightened concerns and anxiety among the general population.
Why heatwaves kill more mentally ill people?
This alarming intersection of climate change and mental health is not limited to mortality rates alone. Recent studies point to a surge in emergency room visits related to mental health issues and an increase in suicide attempts linked to rising temperatures.
Prolonged exposure to air pollution, exacerbated by events like wildfires and droughts, is also identified as a contributing factor.
The vulnerability of individuals with mental illnesses, particularly schizophrenia, to the adverse effects of extreme heat, air pollution, and heightened stress is a focal point of concern. Experts highlight the role of the anterior hypothalamus, a critical brain region responsible for regulating body temperature.
Disorders such as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and manic depressive disorder impair the neurotransmission of vital information to this region, leaving individuals more susceptible to the negative impacts of extreme temperatures.
Neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonin, commonly reduced in individuals with mental illnesses, are theorized to play a role in the regulation of body temperature.
Medications prescribed for these conditions, particularly antipsychotic drugs, may further elevate the risk by impacting body temperature regulation.
Moreover, certain drugs used to treat mental health conditions, including antipsychotics and mood stabilizers like lithium, have been identified as potential contributors to heat-related issues.
Lifestyle factors crucial for maintaining mental health, such as sleep, are also at risk of disruption due to warmer weather conditions.
The overarching concern lies in the recurrent nature of mental health episodes, often triggered by stressors. Climate-related disasters are increasingly recognized as potent stressors that can exacerbate existing mental health conditions.
