After the cold war, the world became Uni-polar and the whole world is dominated by the USA along with its western companions. The other countries which were considered to be developing countries slowly progressed after 1991. These countries became a threat to the developed nations. Consider for example China, which was considered to be a developing country now emerging as a world superpower. So, the world was again changing from Uni-polarity to multi-polarity. This became a serious concern for the western powers, particularly the USA. These developed nations started influencing the policies of developing countries.
The problem also lies with the developing countries as they see these western powers as their ideals and starting implemented the policies of these countries. These Eurocentric policies started failing in these developing countries and make their situation even worse. Moreover, these western powers dominated these countries through many international financial institutions, western agents, and many other actors as well. The main agenda behind implementing these policies is the neo-liberal economic order which favors the developed nation but makes the situation even worse for the developing countries. The international financial institutions force these developing countries to implement western policies in their country. In addition, these powers are involved in political instability, terrorism, civil war, and corruption in these countries.
But why these Eurocentric policies failed in developing countries? There are multiple reasons for the failure of these policies. One of the main reasons is cultural differences, historical differences, illiteracy, poverty, unemployment, poor infrastructure, etc. These countries historically emerged from colonization. Almost all of them were being colonized by these western powers. So, resistance and hatred against these western powers have been found in the people of these countries. These people did not welcome the western policies in the same way as they were welcomed by developed nations. Moreover, most of these countries face political instability and corruption which does let the governments in these countries perform their functions efficiently. Also, poverty and illiteracy don’t let these policies be successful in developing countries. So, these policies cannot be implemented in the same way as in western countries and eventually they fail.
Despite all of this, these western powers become successful in influencing the policies of developing countries. When a developing country faces a financial crisis, they look to the western powers or international financial institutions for help. These institutions or countries helped them, but in return, they increased their surveillance in these developing countries. Developing countries have to implement the policies of western countries or of the institutions dominated by western powers, in particular, the USA. These policies have western agenda that only favors these developed nations. But developing countries have to accept these policies. Moreover, when a country shows resistance against the policies of these western powers, these powers take strict measures against these countries on international forums. All International financial institutions have only a foreign agenda that favors the developed nations, and their policies create no benefit for the developing countries.
The western powers want an influence on these developing countries so that they become subservient to developed nations as they were in the 19th century. These western powers want to maintain their dominance in the international order. They cannot afford the progress of another developing country like China that threatens the dominance of western powers. So, the only way left for the developed countries is to influence the policies of these countries. Any major policy in these countries must be aligned with western desires. Moreover, the western countries left a sense of their superiority in developing countries through colonization in the 19th century. These countries still see the western powers as powerful and successful countries, and they think that they can reach the same level just by accepting their culture and their policies. Instead of focusing on their own needs and problems and analyzing them to create their own policies in order to address the issues, they simply follow western policies. These policies are not successful in developing countries and create more problems for them. Western powers make such policies for developing countries which make them subservient to these western powers, particularly the USA.
The western powers use globalization as a tool to influence the policies of other countries. Free market, decentralization, and reducing government spending in developing countries, all of them are the policies of western countries. Policies, such as the free market cannot be successful in developing countries. The problems of developing and developed countries are different. They are not at the same level. They need different strategies to counter their problems. Even if the problems are similar, the same policies cannot be implemented because of different ground realities. Sometimes, societies don’t accept western policies, and sometimes, western powers create such benefits for these societies (e.g., by welcoming overseas developing countries), they force their own government to implement the policies of western powers in these developing countries.
Concluding that, developing countries might follow the policies of western powers and it can be good for them. But this needs to be done in a systematic way and with proper planning. We cannot simply impose western culture and policies. We need to change our ground realities. It might take years or even decades to happen. So, the best possible way for developing countries is that they need to make themselves independent from western policies. They have to make such possible which are suitable for their own public and match with their ground realities. Developing countries need to make themselves independent from the influence of international financial institutions. So, they can make their own policies. Only such policies which are independent of the influence of western powers can change the situation of developing countries.
