The world has become unipolar since the end of the Cold War, and the United States and its allies in the west rule the whole planet. After 1991, the other nations that were regarded as developing nations began to make gradual development. These nations started to pose a danger to the industrialized ones. Take China, which was formerly seen as a developing nation but is now a rising superpower. The world was therefore once more transitioning from unipolarity to multipolarity. The western powers, especially the USA, started to take this seriously. The policies of developing countries began to be influenced by these wealthy ones.
The developing nations are also at fault since they adopt these western powers’ policies because they view them as their ideals. These developing nations’ situations deteriorated more as a result of the failure of these Eurocentric initiatives. Furthermore, these western powers ruled these nations through a variety of international financial organizations, western agents, and additional actors. The neoliberal economic system, which benefits wealthy nations while making matters worse for underdeveloped nations, is the primary motivation behind the implementation of these policies. These developing nations are compelled to adopt western policies by the international financial institutions. Additionally, these forces are responsible for political unrest, terrorism, civil wars, and corruption in these nations.
Why, then, did these Eurocentric programs fail in underdeveloped nations? The failure of these measures can be attributed to several factors. Differences in culture, history, illiteracy, poverty, unemployment, inadequate infrastructure, etc. are a few of the key causes. These nations historically arose from colonialism. These western powers were colonizing almost all of them. As a result, the people of these nations have been shown to be resistant to and hostile toward these western powers. The western policies were not received favorably by these people in the same manner that they were in industrialized countries. Additionally, the majority of these nations experience political unrest and corruption, which makes it difficult for their governments to carry out their duties effectively. Additionally, in emerging nations, poverty and illiteracy prevent the success of these measures. Therefore, these policies cannot be put into practice the same way they are in western nations, and they inevitably fail.
Despite all, these western powers are able to have an impact on developing nations’ foreign policy. A developing nation will appeal to the western powers or international financial institutions for assistance when it is experiencing a financial crisis. In exchange for their assistance, these organizations or nations intensified their monitoring of these emerging nations. The policies of western nations or the institutions they control, notably the USA, must be implemented in developing nations. These laws reflect a western agenda that solely benefits these advanced countries. However, these measures must be accepted by emerging nations. Furthermore, when a nation challenges the western powers’ policies, those forces retaliate harshly against that nation in international forums. The policies of all international financial institutions are completely foreign in nature and favor rich countries; they have no positive effects on underdeveloped nations.
In order for these developing nations to become as obedient to industrialized nations as they were in the 19th century, the western powers desire to exert influence over them. These western nations want to continue dominating the world system. They cannot support the development of another developing nation that poses a danger to the hegemony of western countries, such as China. Therefore, influencing these countries’ policies is the only remaining option for the developed world. Any significant policy in these nations must be in line with what the west wants. Furthermore, colonization by western nations in the 19th century left developing nations with a perception of their inferiority. These nations continue to view the western powers as the most powerful and prosperous nations, and they believe that by adopting their values and ideologies, they can eventually catch up. They simply adopt western policies rather than concentrating on their own needs and difficulties and studying them to develop their own strategies to meet the problems. In developing nations, these measures are ineffective and exacerbate their difficulties. Western powers, especially the USA, enact policies for developing nations that render them their subjects.
Globalization is a weapon that the western powers employ to sway other nations’ policies. Western nations’ policies include free markets, decentralization, and cutting back on government spending in emerging nations. Free market policies, for example, cannot work in poor nations. The issues faced by industrialized and emerging nations differ. They do not operate on the same plane. In order to address their issues, they require various strategies. The same policies cannot be applied even though the problems are identical because of the disparate ground realities. Sometimes cultures reject western policies, and other times western powers provide these societies with benefits (such as by embracing the overseas populations of emerging nations), forcing their own governments to carry out the western powers’ policies in these developing nations.
Thus, it can be advantageous for developing nations to adopt the strategies of western powers. However, this must be carried out methodically and with careful planning. It’s not enough to merely impose western values and practices. We must alter the realities we live in. Years or even decades may pass before it happens. Therefore, the greatest course of action for emerging nations is for them to become autonomous from the western policy. They must make it feasible for such people that are appropriate for their own public and fit with their actual circumstances. Developing nations must become independent of the influence of global financial organizations. They can therefore create their own policies. The only policies that can alter the situation in emerging nations are those that are free from the influence of western powers.
