Justice has the status of universal reality. No society in the world, be it Muslim or infidel, can live without it. Justice is the antithesis of oppression.
Causes:
There is a lot of emphasis on justice and fairness in Islam because if there is no justice then human society is in chaos and its peace and tranquility are lost. There is a hadith Mubarakah that Allah will place seven kinds of people in His shadow. One of them is a just ruler (Bukhari Sharif, Kitab al-Salat). It is narrated from Hazrat Barida that The Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) said: There are three judges, one in heaven and two in hell He who recognizes the truth and decides accordingly is in Paradise, And whoever does wrong in judgment despite knowing the truth, then he is the inmates of the fire and whoever decides among the people on the basis of ignorance, he is also the dweller of Hell (ABU DAWOOD)
Similarly,In some traditions that Those who do justice will be on the pulpits of light with Allah on the Day of Resurrection.
Legal justice:
Justice must be maintained in all aspects of judicial matters. Some of these matters are written, and some require testimony, and the most important step in the decision. The Holy Qur’an provides guidance on all three.
1. Ruling on writing and documentation:
ALLAH says: And let the one who writes (the document) among you write with justice. (AL- BAQARAH)
2.Regarding the evidence:
In general, people are impartial when giving testimony. Islam teaches adherence to justice in this situation. Irshad Rabbani has said: And when you speak, do justice, even if the person is a relative. (SURAH-INAM)
3.Decision making order:
ALLAH says in Quran :When you have to judge between people, judge with justice. (SURAH-NISA). The Qur’an did not say justice between Muslims but between people. Therefore, the distinction between race, nationality, language and religion is not permissible. This verse shows that all people are equal in the eyes of law. The famous incident of the Prophet’s time that a woman from the tribe of Banu Makhzoom stole, the Quraysh disliked the idea of cutting off the hand of a woman of their tribe They sent Hazrat Osama bin Zayd as his intercessor. When Hazrat Osama spoke So the blessed face of the Holy Prophet (pbuh) changed and he delivered a sermon to the people “Surely the nations before you perished who used to issue limits on the weak and leave the great man. By God, if Fatima (my daughter) had done the same, I would have cut off her hand” (Bukhari Kitab Al-Hudood).
Legal Equality:
There is no difference between Muslims and non-Muslims in the Islamic concept of justice.
Allaah says: And when you speak, do justice, even if the person is a relative. (SURAH NISA). Even if there is enmity with any nation or party, say the word justice. It is said, And never forsake justice because of the enmity of a people; do justice; that is nearer to piety. (SURAH MAIDAH). The other aspect of equality is that mutual distinctions should not be an obstacle, that is, if an honorable and close person commits a crime, then he should create leniency and flexibility, and if a weak person commits that mistake, then he should issue a limit.
The third aspect of equality is that there should be no distinction (in law enforcement) between the ruler and the subject. The fourth aspect of equality is that the punishment should be as much as the crime. Allah says, And if you seek revenge (O Muslims!), Then retaliate as much as you have been wronged, but if you are patient, that is indeed the best for the patient (SURAH NAHAL).
Supremacy of the judiciary:
The history of the world is unable to provide an example of the concept of supremacy of the judiciary that Islam has presented. Hazrat Omar (AS) once bought a horse from someone and when he got on board, he stumbled and fell down and got injured. When he wanted to return the horse, the owner did not agree. When the matter reached the court of Qazi Sharih, he ruled in favor of the owner of the horse and said to Hazrat Omar: O Amir al-mu’minin! What you have bought is yours. If you want to return it, do it in the same condition in which you bought it. Hearing the verdict against them, they do not feel the slightest bit and hand over the position of Kufa to them.
Conclusion:
The meaning of justice is to pay the full right to the rightful owner. There is a strong emphasis on justice and fairness in Islam as it is an attribute which is adopted by the nations which are marginalized and the societies which are deprived of this precious gem are in a state of decline and ruin. They are doomed. That is why the Qur’an and the hadiths place great emphasis on the establishment of justice. As Muslims, we must abide by the commandments of the Lord of the Worlds and Our Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) , and when he and his beloved Prophet (peace be upon him) decide on something, accept it without hesitation and deliver true justice in your society in the light of the commandments.
