There are several landforms that are created by the action of running water. Landforms created by running water are as follows. Here are some examples:
1- River valleys: When a river flows through a landscape over a long period of time, it can carve out a valley in the surrounding terrain. The shape of the valley will depend on the strength and speed of the river, as well as the type of rock and soil it is eroding. River valleys are formed as running water slowly wears away the surrounding rock and soil over time. The strength and speed of the river, as well as the type of rock and soil it is eroding, will determine the shape of the valley. Some river valleys are V-shaped, with steep sides and a narrow bottom, while others are U-shaped, with a wider bottom and more gently sloping sides.
River valleys are important ecosystems that support a variety of plant and animal life. The soil in river valleys is often rich in nutrients, making it ideal for agriculture, and many civilizations have settled in these areas throughout history. Today, river valleys continue to be important habitats for wildlife and are often popular destinations for outdoor recreation and tourism.
2- Waterfalls: Waterfalls are formed when a river flows over a steep drop in elevation. The water plunges down the drop and erodes the rock below, creating a pool at the base of the fall.
3- Canyons: Canyons are deep, narrow valleys that are formed by the erosion of running water over a long period of time. They often have steep walls and are created when a river cuts through a plateau or mountain range.
4- Meanders: Meanders are formed when a river flows through a flat plain and its current erodes the outer banks while depositing sediment on the inner banks. Over time, this causes the river to wind back and forth in a series of curves.
5- Alluvial fans: Alluvial fans are created when a river or stream flows out of a narrow channel into a broader, flatter plain. As the water spreads out, it slows down and deposits sediment, forming a fan-shaped deposit.
These are just a few examples of landforms that are created by running water. Other examples include deltas, floodplains, and oxbow lakes.
Also read: Who was Shiva of Indus Valley Civilization
